Artificial insulin: Your ally against low blood sugar

Artificial or transgenic insulin will control hypoglycemia

Artificial insulin is a type of insulin that is administered through an infusion pump or a continuous insulin administration system (CSII).

The creation of artificial or transgenic insulins is the product of genetic engineering.

This is the first pharmaceutical product obtained from recombinant DNA in the world. Thus, this is possible by cloning the human insulin gene in bacteria through genetic engineering.

Artificial human insulin is considered to be identical in structure to its own natural insulin. On the other hand, natural insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas in response to the presence of glucose in the blood.

Similarly, we can also say that insulin is a polypeptide hormone, produced and secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

Function:

The main function of this hormone is to regulate blood glucose levels. It also helps move sugar from the blood to other tissues in the body where it is used for energy.

Importance:

This hormone is vital for the transport and storage of glucose in cells. That is why it helps use glucose as an energy source for the body.

Production of insulin with genetic engineering:

The artificial hormone through genetic engineering is manufactured in the laboratory with DNA that codes for the A chain of human insulin. Then, it is inserted into a bacterial plasmid. In the same way, DNA that codes for the B chain is also manufactured, and it is inserted into another plasmid similar to the previous one.

Researchers: Frederick Banting and Charles Best successfully extract insulin from the pancreas of a dog and analyze its effect, which brings hope for the first time to people with diabetes.

Treatments with artificial insulin:

The diseases that can be treated through genetically modified human insulin are type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

In an artificial exercise the following could be observed:

The addition of glucagon in an artificial pancreas system can be seen as the brake that allows to reduce the speed of glucose descent.

All this allows an excess of insulin on board and thus to avoid a potential hypoglycemic accident.ue

For the production of insulin the most outstanding are: Escherichia coli yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast.

Practicing exercise regularly is one of the best ways to increase insulin sensitivity. That is why it helps move sugar to the muscles for storage and promotes an immediate increase in insulin sensitivity, which lasts from 2 to 48 hours, depending on the level of exercise.

There are three main groups of insulins:

fast-acting insulin: it is absorbed quickly from the adipose tissue (subcutaneous) into the bloodstream.
intermediate-acting.
and long-acting.

Natural insulin, i.e. insulin released from your pancreas, keeps blood sugar in a very narrow range. During the night and between meals, non-diabetic blood sugar ranges vary between 60-100 mg/dl and 140 mg/dl or less after meals and snacks.

It is important that the decision to use artificial insulin should be made in consultation with a health specialist.