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Norovirus is the main cause of acute gastroenteritis. Dehydration is the greatest risk of norovirus infection. For norovirus there is no specific treatment.
In the vast majority of cases gastroenteritis resolves itself after a few days, so the most important thing is to ensure an adequate state of hydration of the patient and also the contribution of mineral salts. There is no vaccine to prevent norovirus infection. Therefore, the most important prevention guidelines are based on hygiene and public health measures that are also effective to avoid other types of gastroenteritis-causing germs:
- Hand washing after going to the bathroom or changing diapers, and before eating.
- Washing fruit and vegetables before eating or cooking.
- The proper cooking of fish and shellfish.
- A person with an acute diarrheal process should not cook for others, nor go to work or school.
- Clothing and sheets stained with vomit or stool should be washed immediately with hot water.
- Contaminated surfaces should also be cleaned and disinfected.
In cases in which oral fluid intake is not sufficient or possible due to the patient’s situation, it may be necessary to administer intravenous fluid therapy in a hospital setting. This happens in cases where vomiting and diarrhea are very intense.
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