Catalan ophthalmologists, established in Colombia. Since childhood they show great fondness for mechanics and biology. José Ignacio studies in Madrid, Lyon, Bern, Zurich and Geneva. In 1949 he devised a technique to cure myopia. He traveled to Colombia in 1950 and moved to Bogotá because of his work. It designs the microkeratome, a surgical instrument of universal use, to remove the superficial layers of the cornea and, on behalf of the Swiss optical home, Zeiss conceives the microscope for microsurgery. He invents refractive keratoplasty to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism by carving a frozen layer of the cornea outside the patient’s body. He is the first scientist to quantify in a computer the surgery necessary to cure a defect since the calculation of the modification can only be done when the cornea has been extracted from the patient. José Ignacio advances in the exploration of laser eye surgery. He founded the Barraquer clinic in Bogotá and the Higher Institute of Ophthalmology. His brother Joaquín studied medicine and surgery in Madrid, Guayaquil and Bogotá. Invent the enzymatic zonulosis, a method to extract the cataract and practice the lens surgery.
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